This article investigates the practices of ART (Assisted Reproductive Technology) through a sociological approach, with an eye to the political and legal issues relating to the process of the medicalization of human reproduction. It focuses on the most recent challenges in this field: “cross-border reproductive care” and “social egg freezing”. These two issues are analysed by looking at both the European and the Italian context, highlighting differences, contradictions and inequalities with regard to legal frameworks,